The Tragic Hero Glengarry Glen Ross And Death Of A Sales...

Glengarry Glen Ross and Death of a Sales man were two extraordinary plays that were released decades ago and are still the basis of many conversations and debates today. The main protagonists in these plays are Shelley Levene; a middle aged sales man who was once very successful in his line of work, and Willy Lowman; a 62-year-old salesman who has been chasing after the American Dream his whole life. These two shared a lot of similarities, the main one being that they are not tragic heroes. Many writers have debated over the past decades whether or not Shelley and Willy are meant to be tragic heroes. From the views of Aristotle and Miller, they are not tragic heroes. There has been a lot of discussion about what truly defines a tragic hero. If we take a look at the work of well known Philosopher Aristotle, he clearly defined what is needed for a character to be considered a tragic hero. He pointed out 5 specific traits that the person must have to fit the role. They must have skewe d judgement, which normally puts them in the position that they are facing. The character must have a realization during the story, there should be an event where they find out that their immoral ways have led them down a path of destruction. They should figure out their wrong doings on their own by taking the time to reflect upon themselves and understand the mistakes they have been making in life, and how to correct them. The person should be filled with pride, as if no one can touchShow MoreRelatedTragedy And The Common Man Vs Death Of A Salesman1953 Words   |  8 Pagesevaluation of Mamet’s Glengarry Glen Ross and Miller’s Death of a Salesman both depicts a protagonist that grapples with a moral discrepancy of ideals and disillusionment. This conflict is directly affected by a personal choice that later becomes irrevocable. Shelly from Glengarry Glen Ross and Death of a Salesman Willy, struggle to preserve their reputation. Intertwined with external pressure and family dynamics, these characters represent the quintessential elements of a tragic hero. The social standing

The problem with Holden in Catcher in the rye by J.R...

Holden is a complex person with many conflicting characteristics. He has many ambitions and desires for his life but he is faced with the basic conflict in the story, corruption. This corruption is what drives him and at the same time restricts him Holden s being surrounded by corruption disgusts him. There are a few main instances in which Holden encounters corruption directly. One type is Stradlater, the secret slob or Ernie, who performs for the people . Two that affect Holden very much is his brother D.B. selling out to the movies and Pheobe eventually having to grow up. This corruption is very evident in Holden s life and situation. Corruption is what Holden wants to avoid but can not because he wants to grow up†¦show more content†¦Holden finds corruption in almost everything he sees but does not yet even realize that he too is part of that corrupt world the minute he stopped being a child and wanting to be an adult. By doing many of the things he does he displays a desire to grow up, to act mature, to ultimately blend in with society but he is restricted by his ideals of innocence. The way he orders his drinks, dances with the two ladies in the hotel, and sends his money frivolously shows how Holden has

Event Management for Seven Dimensions -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEvent Management for Seven Motivational Dimensions. Answer: In the study of Motivational theories, the push and pull theorizing is the primary framework used to formulate and test motivations for event attendance. In this framework, the push factors are considered to be those internal factors that make one travel while the pull factors are the external factors that make one visit some places or take part in some activity. The seek-escape dichotomy is another theory usually used in event motivation. This theory asserts that the wish to seek essential rewards and that to get out of typical environment makes one be involved in leisure activities. Seven motivational dimensions were identified from various studies as discussed below. The dimension of family closeness has an active cultural component. Here, senior married people were found to spend more time with family compared to young couples. Concerning nationality, the South Americans and the Asian tourists valued time with family than the Canadian and U.S guests. It was noted that individuals with lower income appreciated more time with their families unlike those whose annual house income is high. On the basis of sex, females were found to spend more time with the family as than males. The other motivational dimension ascertained was socialization. This shows interaction with people either external socialization which is interaction with new people in the event or internal socialization which is interaction with familiar people. Unlearned visitors valued socialization compared to the learned, visitors from local regions liked socialization unlike visitors from without, people with low income, and the young who had more time with friends (Lee, Lee, Choi, 2011). The motivation to escape or recreate is the desire to relax and refresh both physically and mentally from the day-to-day life pressures. Escape is affected by sex where female preferred getting away for a while than males, Age-wise the young (18-25) preferred getting away from daily routine than those above 30 years (Tkaczynski, Rundle-Thiele, 2011). The study also ascertained event newness as a motivation to attend an event. This is the desire to find out current and different familiarities and sustaining interest. Female guests got moved without difficulty by event newness than male guests. Also, those visiting for the first time esteemed event novelty than the regular visitors. The desire for excitement and enjoyment of visitors to experience entertainment and the atmosphere of a given event and enjoy it were also found out to be event motivators. The unmarried or single people, the young and those out of region attended the festive than their respective equivalents. Most of the international visitors and older people valued cultural events as a motivation to attend various events. Their desire was to increase cultural knowledge, get involved with various cultures and interest in historical and cultural activities. From various studies, it was concluded that in attracting festive visitors, event-specific attributes were very crucial. The question is whether people attend events with different motivations. The research concluded that people attend events because of what the event offers and not just for the sake of it. The study also examined the motivations behind the attendance of music festivals. The attributes that were valued by people when deciding on the music festival to attend were found to be affected by the value for money, accessibility, and availability of information. Based on the results of various researchers, motivations to attend the two festivals - music and cultural differ slightly. Some are present in one, and those present in both have different relative importance attributed to the event. This study identifies essential factors for event motivation. It also ascertains seven motivational dimensions for different reactions to events. Motivation is affected by age, sex, nationality, marital status and education. Further research is recommended on motivations to attend music and diversity and in different data analysis methods. References Lee, J. S., Lee, C. K., Choi, Y. (2011). Examining the role of emotional and functional values in festival evaluation.Journal of Travel Research,50(6), 685-696. Tkaczynski, A., Rundle-Thiele, S. R. (2011). Event segmentation: A review and research agenda.Tourism management,32(2), 426-434.

Russian Communism Leninism And Stalinizm Is What Essays

Russian Communism: Leninism and Stalinizm is what? Russian Communism: Leninism and Stalinizm is what? The specter is haunting Europe?the specter of communism... So what is this specter called communism and how haunting is it really? The Webster's Dictionary says that communism is a system of social organization in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single and self-perpetuating political party. Karl Marx says that communism is abolition of private property. Others say it is equal division of unequal earnings or it is an opiate of the intellectuals. Even some go so far as to proclaim that communism is a state form of Christianity. The bottom line is?communism is "one-third practice and two-thirds explanation of a failed experiment," as the authors of Twelve Chairs, E. Ilf and I. Petrov, define it. The underlying theme of Twelve Chairs is to define the Russian communism. The authors, though their two protagonists, Ostap Bender and Ippolit Vorobyaninov, use satire and slight exaggeration to ridicule the idiocy and flaws of Soviet social structure in a funny yet touching, melancholy way. The search for bejeweled chairs takes Bender and Vorobyaninov from the provinces of Moscow to the wilds of Soviet Georgia and the Trans-Caucasus Mountanins. Ostap Bender is an unemployed con artist living by his wits in post revolutionary Soviet Russia. He joins forces with Ippolit Vorobyaninov, a former nobleman who has returned to his hometown to find a cache of missing jewels, which were hidden by his mother in one of the twelve chairs. The Soviet authorities had confiscated these chairs, as well as all of Vorobyaninov's possessions including his mansion. Not only does the search for bejeweled chairs serves as a plot device for the novel, it also contributes to ridiculing the Soviet system. On their long and thrilling expedition, Bender and Vorobyaninov satirically inspect progress and success of the Soviet Communism; they come to conclusion, not surprisingly, that there is no success (success of the Soviet Communism) because there was not progress to begin with. Communism, as the novel points out, is inequality, but not as property is. Property is exploitation of the weak by the strong, communism is exploitation of the strong by the weak. How can the weak abuse the strong? Sounds absurd doesn't it? Yet it is the actuality of the Soviet Communism. One of the main points of Soviet propaganda was to get rid of all the wealthy, that is educated upper-middle class, and let the illiterate lower-middle class rule in a classless society. How could such thing be possible? How could people who do not know how to rule be in charge? How could the last be first and the first be last? That is the absurdity of Soviet apparatus, for it goes against the human nature. Because "the light at the end of the tunnel" was to achieve classless society, everyone must be of one class, that is class of the proletariat. Consequently, everyone must be equal. Everyone must live in the same communal apartments, everyone must wear the same type of clothing, everyone must have the same political idea (idea of communism), and everyone must receive the same amount of money for his/her services to the country. And that is, as Bender points out in a dialogue with a Moscow worker, the absurdity of the communist program. "They [communists] went from bad to worse," Bender concludes (78). The implication of that sentence is that Lenin got rid off all the wealthy (those who were in charge in Czarist Russia) and filled the vacuum with the proletariat. Thus all workers became, theoretically and practically, in charge of their factories or mills. And what happens when everyone is in charge thus forming a "classless" society? The answer is simple. Communism or its synonym? nonsense." Furthermore, how can everyone receive the same amount of money for different types of services; how can everyone get paid the same? It's the senselessness of Soviet Communism, as the book points out. In turn, the "equality of wages" created pandemic laziness and slackness in Soviet Union. For instance, imagine yourself an engineer in a factory and imagine your friend, Joe Smith, a simple worker in that same factory. Although you worked considerably harder and longer to get you Ph.D. in engineering and Joe Smith didn't, for he is a simple worker, both of your salaries are about the same. Soon, you will start asking yourself one plain question: how come I work three times harder, both mentally and physically, then Joe Smith yet our paychecks are alike? And little by little you

Turnover Rate in Corrections free essay sample

Throughout the years, there has been one major dilemma that continues to hassle the administration whose sole purpose is to provide institutional sanctions, treatment programs, and services for managing criminal offenders. This dilemma is the high turnover rate of the Corrections Officers, whom agencies nation wide are losing at an extremely high rate. Recent statistics indicate that nearly half of all Corrections Academy graduates will have left their agency within a two-year period (â€Å"State questions high, â€Å"2004). This high turnover rate is causing a staff shortage, which is forcing agencies to put new officers on the job immediately while being untrained. Though the amount of Corrections Officers departing from their agencies continues to rise, the amount of inmates entering prisons remains the same. This of course can become a serious safety issue for the departments employing these new hires that are inadequately trained. Throughout this paper I will explore the numerous possibilities of what’s causing Corrections Officers to depart from their agencies at such a high rate. We will write a custom essay sample on Turnover Rate in Corrections or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whether it’s the demanding hours associated with shift work, the high stress and burnout, or the inadequate pay and benefits, all possibilities will be discussed in an attempt to understand why the retention rate of Corrections Officers is lower compared to various other careers across the nation. The Department of Corrections (DOC), privately owned jails, parish jails, and local city jails not only face the hardship of maintaining inmate property, specific calorie counts from meals provided, medicine dispensing, doctor visits, and numerous other tasks required that Corrections Officers tend to on a typical day of work, but these facilities also face the hardship of retaining these Officers for extended lengths of employment. As stated in the Abstract of this paper, â€Å"Recent statistics indicate that nearly half of all Corrections Academy graduates will have left their agency within a two-year period† (â€Å"State questions high, â€Å"2004). This has become a major problem for agencies that have a continuous increase in the number of inmates entering these facilities each year, while becoming almost impossible to keep enough manpower to operate shifts in a safe and secure manner. It is stated that in 1999, the turnover rate of Officers and Corporals within an agency was 29. 6 percent, while the average tenure of Officers was 3 years (â€Å"Department of corrections,†). The turnover rates in 2000 ranged from a low of 3. percent in New York, to a high of 41 percent in Louisiana (Lommel, 2004). Typically, once an Officer has been hired and accepted the job, they are to be trained in some type of Corrections Academy. The department hiring the Officer may host this Academy, or the Officer may have to travel to receive their training. Either way, prior to an Officer actually beginning their job monitoring the walkways of a prison or jail, the Officer should first be well trained to ensure theirs, the inmates, and other Officers safety. However, due to the high number of vacancies within Corrections, Officers are being hired without any experience, while hoping to receive this training academy shortly after becoming employed. Some agencies have established a policy that once the Officer has completed their training at an Academy, they are to sign a contract stating that they will remain with the department for a set amount of years. This is due to the high costs that an agency incurs by having these Officers sent to an accredited Academy to receive their training. The dollar amount that an agency may spend on an Officers training may range anywhere between a few hundred dollars, to a few thousand dollars. To elaborate on the amount of vacancies within Corrections, this could very well be a contributing factor to the increased amount of Officers who resign due to stress and burnout. Officers are being ordered in on their off days or holidays, forced to work mandatory overtime, a higher inmate to Correctional Officer ratio, as well as experienced Officers having to work with an extensive amount of â€Å"rookie† or inexperienced Correctional Officers. This combining of experienced officers with new hires, who have not received any type of prior training, raises the stress level during dangerous interactions with inmates, as well lowering the morale of the Officers who remain and attempt to complete their careers with a specific agency. This may be due to long term employees realizing that many of the new hires are using their time as a Correctional Officer to gain experience, or as a stepping-stone to eventually become a road or patrol Officer, which may involve more experienced Officers not spending the time necessary to assist, or provide â€Å"On the job training† to the new hires. Additional causes of stress may include the threat of inmate violence, actual inmate violence, inmate demands and manipulations, problems with co-workers, as well as having a poor public image. For example, â€Å"Between 1990 and 1995, the number of attacks on correctional officers in State and Federal prisons jumped by nearly one third, from 10,731 to 14,165 (Lommel, 2004). An additional stress added to a Correctional Officers life is being able to balance and separate work from their personal relationships. Workdays at a correctional facility often involve long hours of uneventful and routine procedures. This â€Å"routine† may quickly be disrupted by a brief period of crisis. Some Officers have issues with being able to return to a calm state once a crisis occurs, often times bringing their problems home to their families. This may lead Officers to substance abuse, or alcoholism. Law Enforcement careers can be an extremely difficult, stressful, yet rewarding career, even when referring to Corrections Officers. However, due to the long work hours associated with shift work, combined with the stressful and strenuous workdays officers are exposed to, it seems as if all Law Enforcement, to include Corrections officers do not receive the pay and benefits that they are entitled to. A large number of Corrections Officers are leaving this career field due to struggling with raising families while trying to balance and survive on the annual salary of a Corrections Officer. It seems as if economically speaking, the value of everyday necessities ontinues to rise in value, except for the officers’ paychecks. This dilemma, combined with the additional stress an Officer encounters on the job, could possibly explain why many Officers leave their jobs due to stress and burnout. The benefits that an Officer, or Corrections Officer receives is usually the highlight of their employment contract. Officers usually do receive good insurance and retirement plans. Not just for them, but for their families as well. However, the type of insurance that an Officer receives depends on the plan that the agency has purchased. Some agencies will have top of the line benefits, while others may have insurance carriers with extremely high deductibles and rates, due to tight budget restraints and cutbacks within the department. In addition to the stress, burnout, long hours, and low pay, many officers are never set on retiring within corrections. As previously stated, numerous officers, such as myself, use corrections as a stepping-stone, or training prior to being hired for a patrol position. Numerous agencies such as Sheriff’s Offices of various Parishes within the state, require that an individual hired first serve one to two years within the parish jail prior to being sent to a Police Academy and ultimately landing a position on patrol. Many agencies have come to realize this, which is why they may not spend the time, effort, and funds to train the individual to become a more efficient Corrections Officer. By reflecting on the issues presented in this paper, it is determined that turnover rate in Corrections Officers will likely continue to be a rising problem for agencies. Administrators seeking seminars on retention strategies, which may depend on additional funding, can combat some of these issues. Agencies can improve their policies, improve management, increase criteria of the screening process, as well as address the wage and benefit issue. However, no matter what an agency decides in attempting to retain there officers, there will always be the Officers that slip through the cracks and ultimately cost the department more funding in training the individual, only to have them leave the agency before reaching their desired and previously stated commitment.

Biography of Augusta Savage, Sculptor and Educator

Biography of Augusta Savage, Sculptor and Educator Augusta Savage, an African American sculptor, struggled to succeed as a sculptor despite barriers of race and sex. She is known for her sculptures of  W.E.B. DuBois,  Frederick Douglass,  Marcus Garvey; Gamin, and others. She is considered part of the  Harlem Renaissance arts and culture revival. Early Life Augusta Christine Fells Savage  lived from February 29, 1892, to March 26, 1962. She was born Augusta Fells in Green Cove Springs, Florida to Edward Fells and Cornelia (Murphy) Fells. She was the seventh of fourteen children. As a young child, she made figures out of clay, despite religious objections of her father, a Methodist minister. When she began school in West Palm Beach, a teacher responded to her clear talent by engaging her in teaching classes in clay modeling. At college, she earned money selling animal figures at a county fair. Marriages She married John T. Moore in 1907, and their daughter, Irene Connie Moore, was born the next year, shortly before John died.  She married James Savage in 1915, keeping his name even after their 1920s divorce and her remarriage to Robert L. Poston in 1923 (Poston died in 1924). Sculpting Career In 1919 she won an award for her booth at the county fair in Palm Beach. The fairs superintendent encouraged her to go to New York to study art, and she was able to enroll at Cooper Union, a college without tuition, in 1921. When she lost the caretaking job that covered her other expenses, the school sponsored her. A librarian found out about her financial problems, and arranged for her to sculpt a bust of African American leader, W.E.B. DuBois, for the 135th St. branch of the New York Public Library. Commissions continued, including one for a bust of Marcus Garvey. During the Harlem Renaissance, Augusta Savage enjoyed growing success, though a 1923 rejection for a summer of study in Paris because of her race inspired her to get involved in politics as well as art. In 1925, W.E.B. DuBois helped her get a scholarship to study in Italy, but she was unable to fund her additional expenses. Her piece Gamin brought attention, resulting in a scholarship from the Julius Rosenwald Fund, and this time she was able to raise money from other supporters, and in 1930 and 1931 she studied in Europe. Savage sculpted busts of Frederick Douglass, James Weldon Johnson, W. C. Handy, and others. Succeeding in spite of the Depression, Augusta Savage began to spend more time teaching than sculpting. She became the first director of the Harlem Community Art Center in 1937 and worked with the Works Progress Administration (WPA). She opened a gallery in 1939, and won a commission for the 1939 New York Worlds Fair, basing her sculptures on James Weldon Johnsons Lift Every Voice and Sing. The pieces were destroyed after the Fair, but some photos remain. Education Overview Florida State Normal School (now Florida A M University)Cooper Union (1921-24)with sculptor Hermon MacNeil, ParisAcademie de la Chaumiere, and with Charles Despiau, 1930-31 Retirement Augusta Savage retired to upstate New York and farm life in 1940, where she lived until shortly before her death when she moved back to New York to live with her daughter Irene.​

Unfair Dismissal Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Unfair Dismissal Report - Essay Example 9. Employed in Victoria or in a Territory. In determining if this has been the case, the Commission must have regard to a number of factors including: 1. whether there was a valid reason for the termination and whether the employee was notified of that reason; 2. whether the employee was given an opportunity to respond; 3. if the termination related to unsatisfactory performance by the employee and whether the employee had previously been warned about that unsatisfactory performance; 4. the degree to which the size of the employer's business, or the absence of dedicated human resource management specialists, may have had an impact on termination procedures. The AIRC hears cases which are still unresolved after going through the conciliation process. Its role is to decide, after hearing from both sides, whether the dismissal was harsh, unjust or unreasonable. It also exercises a range of powers under the Act in relation to ensuring the establishment and maintenance of fair minimum wages and conditions of employment, preventing and settling industrial disputes, facilitating agreement making between employers and employees, conciliating and arbitrating claims in relation to the termination of employees and dealing with matters concerning industrial organizations. The AIRC seeks to help employers and employees to reach a settlement in a way that minimizes legal costs and discourages vexatious and unreasonable claims. If matters are not settled, the AIRC will make a decision that is binding on both the employer and employee. Under the Act, the AIRC is responsible for conciliation in both unfair dismissal and unlawful termination cases. Only unfair dismissal cases, however, can be arbitrated in the AIRC. Procedural fairness has two meanings in... Unfair Dismissal Report The Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC) had to decide on a balance of probabilities whether the applicant had proven her allegations regarding unlawful discrimination and harassment taking into account all the evidence available to it. The AIRC seeks to help employers and employees to reach a settlement in a way that minimizes legal costs and discourages vexatious and unreasonable claims. If matters are not settled, the AIRC will make a decision that is binding on both the employer and employee. Procedural fairness has two meanings in this context. Firstly, one of the characteristics of a Tribunal is informality - which generally means excluding the rules of evidence, whilst retaining due process, natural justice or procedural fairness. The AIRC are required to do what is fair in the circumstances of each case. The onus is on yielding a fair result and if that requires greater formality then the AIRC will do so in order to establish any disputed facts. For example in the case study, the Tribunal arranged for the parties to agree the matters which were not in dispute prior to the hearing of the matter. Tribunal members hearing cases are also ready to help applicants to understand the issues in their cases and the procedures in the Tribunal where they can. In particular, Mrs Huang was given the opportunity to change her interpreter. The Tribunal also reminded the interpreter that he could ask to stop the proceedings if they were going too quickly for him to ensure an accurate translation of what was said. The Tribunal was of the view that it was imperative that Mrs Huang understood the proceedings as if it were her first language.

Segmentation and targeting Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Segmentation and targeting - Personal Statement Example The major consumer characteristics influencing market segmentation include geographic, psychographic, behavioral and demographic characteristics. Harry and David, a leading internet-retail store that deals with delivery of fruit gifts exemplifies a successful marketing segmentation strategy. In the Harry and David site, segmentation has been achieved through development of a product mix consisting of; Among the various gift segments, the products are targeted to the needs of specific customers using different messages. For instance, the birthday gift segment allows personalization of the gifts by adding a free gift card where the customer can write a specific message. Flower gifts are also tailored to specific occasions like May Day (May 1st), Administrative professional day (April 25th), Earth day(April 22nd) and Nurses Week (May 6th– May 12th) among other occasions. Some of the Promotional messages used in the product mix include; The segmentation choice and the messages used in each category are suitable as they are tailored to provide a personal touch to the customers. However, I would include messages that appeal to the tastes of different age groups like teenagers, young adults and middle-age groups if I was responsible for marketing the Harry and David e-retail

''Why We Crave Horror Movies'' by Stephen King Essay

''Why We Crave Horror Movies'' by Stephen King - Essay Example However, the guidelines of social morality and socially acceptable behavior, perpetually prevent us from unleashing these urges. Thus, we constantly strive to find, alternative and somewhat more acceptable ways of venting out our feelings of hostility and aggression; and in this quest of ours, we are magnetically drawn towards horror movies. Our Id -and the primitive lust for violence cherished by it - as the Freudians would remark, is able to achieve instant gratification through viewing the harrowing scenes depicted on the screen. Thus, it can be asserted that our craving for horror movies is in a way, a manifestation of the: anger, frustration and aggression that we experience in relation to the society around us. The following discussion will suffice to substantiate this point. It is a commonly observed fact that there is a disparity between our public and private selves. This dichotomy leads to a monstrously twofold existence. Our public self is governed by inhibitions whereas o ur private self constantly yearns to sever itself from the restraints of the more socially poised self. As opposed to the seemingly placid public self, the private self craves for anarchy and social rebellion. It is note-worthy that within each of us resides a spy or an imposter- forever struggling to remain hidden from the outside world. While viewing a grotesque scene or a horror movie, this imposter overshadows the much civil public self and assumes a dominant role.

The Effectiveness Of Methods To Control Microorganisms Health Essay

The Effectiveness Of Methods To Control Microorganisms Health Essay In the following assignment I will discuss the effectiveness of methods to control microorganisms in particular I will highlight the methods such as temperature, Immunisations and antibodies. Temperature is a huge factor in the growth of microorganisms along with food supply, pH levels and time. Refrigeration and freezing play a role together in the growth of bacteria in foods. Freezing foods at low temperatures merely leaves large amounts of microorganisms dormant by being unactive which is an effective method of controlling the spread of the microbes but not in the eradication of the microorganisms. As the temperature increases the microorganisms become active and spread which can lead to illness. The types of bacteria found in refrigerated foods are pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria, such as salmonella, listeria, E.coli O157. these bacteria are present in large amounts of foods which have been repeatedly frozen again. Certain foods have different shelf lives to others because of this certain foods have to be frozen before the use by date for availability of consumption. A refrigerator is an effective method for the control of microorganisms. Effectiveness of controlling microorganisms by freezing/refrigeration is visibly present as spoilage bacteria turns foods off, changing colour, fungi growth, they release bad odours and by freezing foods/refrigeration it lets foods be available for consumption for longer periods of time. There are over a million cases of food poisoning each year, 20,000 hospitalisations and 500 deaths. This rate is slowly decreasing in the U.K. This costs the economy  £1.5 billion each year (Micbo 2012). In Northern Ireland and Scotland the risk of food poisoning from local food stores and food outlets was increasing at an alarming rate. The Food Standard Agency devised a plan to introduce a scheme of rating every food outlet and provider with a score from 1-5 on their business when it is inspected by a food safety officer from the businesss local authority. The hygiene rating shows how closely the business is meeting the requirements of food hygiene law (The Food Standards Act 1999). (FSA 2012) Th is scheme along with food hygiene legislation greatly decreases the rate of microorganisms growing and it is a great way that shows that when the rules are followed correctly the methods are effective in controlling microorganisms. An autoclave is a machine which operates highly pressurised steam, this is known as sterilisation. Sterilisation is the most effective method of controlling microorganisms. Due to autoclaves being used in a large scoop of practise, every practise has their own set of guidelines in the use of autoclaves. With further research I have concluded that the majority of autoclaves based on the University of Cardiffs research guidelines preform at the same capacity i.e. correct autoclaving will result in a 100% kill rate. It should therefore be the first choice method (wherever practicable) both wild-type and genetically modified micro-organisms. (UOC2012). With this information I can concluded that the use of autoclaves for example within a hospital or dental care practise is different to a lab environment autoclave. This means that autoclaves in hospitals and dental care practises come into contact with a range of different microorganisms and it is these microorganisms that spread disease. In do so some microorganisms have adapted and modified to insure survival such as prions, these prions do not eradicate at normal pressurised temperatures such as the typical 134  °C for three minutes or 121  °C for 15 minutes. The overall effectiveness in controlling microorganisms with the use of an autoclave is still considered to be the best method. Due to the factor of small amounts of prions still alive after autoclave it poses major concerns with infection control policies. Immunisations are one of the greatest achievements of medicine and it has saved millions of lives that have been spared from diseases. Immunisations can prevent diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella and a wider list ranging from anthrax to yellow fever. (DOH2012)(NHS,1.2012) Measles, mumps and rubella known as MMR our infectious diseases. Since the introduction of the MMR vaccination in 1998 the number of children who develop the disease has fallen to a relatively low number. The MMR vaccine works by activating parts of the immune system to produce antibodies against MMR. If you come into contact with one of the diseases your immune system will produce antibodies to fight against it or them. According to BUPA UK after the first dose of the MMR vaccine, 64 out of 100 people will be protected against mumps, 90 out of 100 people will be protected against measles and 95 out of 100 people will be protected against rubella. After the second dose, 99 out of 100 people will be protected against all three illnesses. (Bupa2012) Controversy over the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine and its side effects caused by the published findings by Dr Andrew Wakefield in 1998 caused a huge number of people not receiving their children vaccinated against MMR. His published findings showed a strong link between the MMR vaccine and autism and bowl disease. An investigation of the published findings showed that by Dr Andrew Wakefield used controlled tests with selected individuals in which he based his findings on. This was a huge error in his findings which proved that Dr Andrew Wakefield findings where wrong but because these findings were published they caused panic for the public. MMR still has a foothold in the United Kingdom and across Europe and it hasnt been totally eradicated like the infectious disease called smallpox. The Department of Health along with the General Medical Council state that Over 90% of individuals will seroconvert to measles, mumps and rubella antibodies after the first dose of the MMR vaccines currently used in the UK (DOH2010) which shows that it is a highly effective method. The Antibiotic was first discovered in 1928, the first antibiotic was called penicillin by Andrew Fleming. Penicillin is used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Over time these bacteria have become multi-resistant to antibiotics with the abuse of antibodies which create new strains of bacteria known as super bugs such as (MRSA) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and (TB) Tuberculosis. According to the Northern Ireland Strategic and Research Agency (2012) the number of deaths with Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA mentioned and recorded as the underlying cause on the death certificate by registration year, 2001-2011 with All Staphylococcus aureus at a percentage of 35% and MRSA with a percentage of 31%. Compared to 2001 All Staphylococcus aureus where at a percentage of 52% and MRSA at a percentage of 44% (NISRA2012). These findings show that the mortality rate for all Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in Northern Ireland is on the decline due to infection control policies, ant ibiotic administration policies and proper use of antibiotics. Therefore antibodies are extremely effective method for the control of microorganisms when used correctly in accordance with your doctor and policies (NICE 2012). Reference Section (Bupa2012) Bupa Information Resource website (2012) On how effective is the MMR vaccine? [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.bupa.co.uk/individuals/health-information/directory/m/mmr-vaccine?tab=Resources (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (DOH2012) (NHS,1) Department of Health website NHS Choices website (2012) Immunisation facts [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.nhs.uk/Planners/vaccinations/Pages/Landing.aspx (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) Department of Health (2010) and General Medical Council (2010) / NHS Publications of Immunisations statistics from 2009-10 with the present. [Accessed Online] Available from https://www.wp.dh.gov.uk/immunisation/files/2012/07/Chap-21-dh_122643.pdf http://www.ic.nhs.uk/webfiles/publications/immsstatisticsreplacement/imms%20200910%20replacement/Immunisations_Bulletin_2009_10_v2.pdf (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) FSA 2012) Food Standards Agency. Food Safety Week statistics.*(2012.) [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/fsw2012-toolkit.pdf (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (FSA 2012) Food Standards Agency. Food Standard Hygiene Act 1999 [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.food.gov.uk/enforcement/regulation/foodstandardsact (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (NICE2012) National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Infection: prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in primary and community care (2012) [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.ips.uk.net/uploads/guidelines/NICE%20Clinical%20Guidelines%20for%20Infection%20Control_CG139.pdf (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (NISRA2012) Northern Ireland Strategic and Research Agency (2012) [Accessed Online] http://www.nisra.gov.uk/demography/default.asp29.htm (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (Micbo2012) Microbiology Online [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/microbes-and-food (Date Accessed: 23/11/12) (UOC2012) University of Cardiff evidence based research on the OSHEU Autoclave Guidance Online Document effectiveness of the autoclave [Accessed Online] Available from http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1ved=0CDAQFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardiff.ac.uk%2Fosheu%2Fresources%2FAutoclave%2520Guidelines%2520draft%2520document.docei=Ee6uUJT4H8fD0QXp9oHIDwusg=AFQjCNEYNS-kN77ojA7_rYNFnSRywJKAggsig2=s1poyV8RmTH3TngWK-ijLQ (Date Accessed 23/11/12)

Educational Psychology - Teacher Interview :: essays research papers

Educational Psychology - Teacher Interview I interviewed a teacher from the Philadelphia School District and here is the result from my interview. I am a teacher in the head start program of Philadelphia .I have been with the head start program for 10yrs. I see children younger than kindergarteners with special needs. I see this problem not only with education but behavioral. Children with special problems can learn. You have to know how to deal with children period. Regular children and special educational children all learn. Special educational children know exactly what they’re doing just as well as regular children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The teachers involvement with the process is the teachers observes the children than fills out an application or suggest that this student needs some type of help if its with speech, or any other problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In head start we have physiologist who get children mental health together and evaluate the children. They do a test and it is evaluated with staff and parents or guardian of the child. We are involved in the Early Invention Programs. This program is even for younger children with behavioral problems and we get help from a supportive staff. Pros  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cons 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Test  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1.The terminology they slow the 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Free (help)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   staff uses with parents. 2. Not enough people to provide services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Therapist does not follow up   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   year to year   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Dedication from pre k-12 grade   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Parents don’t show confidence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in their child   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My opinion on issue special education. We as teachers and therapist really need to take our jobs serious. They are children all over the world that need help.

Food Safety and Hyienic Practices of Street Food Essay

DISCUSSION The street food industry plays an important role in developing countries in meeting the food demands of the urban dwellers. Street foods feed millions of people daily with a wide variety of foods that are relatively cheap and easily accessible (Latham, 1997). However there are significant reports of health problems that have been associated with these street foods(Muleta and Ashenafi (2001); Ashenafi (1995); El-Sherbeeny et al (1985); Abdussalam and Kaferstein, (1993); Mensah et al (2002) and Omemu and Aderoju (2008). Street foods are sources of nutrition for many low-income groups at affordable prices in large urban areas.Nevertheless, there are also several health hazards associated with them. These foods could be main vehicle for transmission of severe and fatal diseases that could be life threatening. Contamination of these foods could result from pre or post cooking contamination from the food handlers. Street food vendors are often unlicensed, untrained in food safety, food hygiene and sanitation, and work under crude unsanitary conditions (FAO 1990). Muinde and Kuria (2005) in their study in Nairobi, Kenya found that over thirty-five percent of the vendors belonged to the age category of 20-25 years. Sixty percent of the vendors were male while 40% were female. Sixty-two percent of the vendors interviewed had primary education and below, 36.3% had secondary education while only 1.3% had college education. In our study we found women made up 66.67% of the vendors while males made up 33.33% who fell into the average age group of 31-40 years with mean age of 41.23 years. This is in contrast with their findings. In Accra the street food trade was conducted by children aged >10 years and by women aged.

Creating an Information Technology System for Chin Bookmakers Essay Example

Creating an Information Technology System for Chin Bookmakers Essay Example Creating an Information Technology System for Chin Bookmakers Essay Creating an Information Technology System for Chin Bookmakers Essay Chin Bookmakers is a small independent bookmakers situated on Eden Hill Road in Peterlee. They currently have a small manual credit account for giving credit, on bets, to customers. At present Chin Bookmakers have approximately thirty customers to whom they give credit. They would like to extend the number of customers they presently give credit to but the system they use is time consuming and prone to error. At present amount of credit given to customers has to be checked manually by employees. This means checking backlogs to ensure previous credit has been repaid. The bookmakers would like a computerised system that will allow them to check customers credit allowance quickly and ensure that the information is correct and kept up to date. Also they would like the system to produce charts and graphs to give an overview of credit given and credit repaid on a monthly basis. The Current System An employee of Chin Bookmakers was interviewed to ascertain the exact procedure for entering logs into the credit book. The following was recorded. The customer places a bet in the usual way and asks for the bet to put on his credit account. The customer must then produce a Credit Account Card, which has printed on their name, date of birth, and an account number given by the bookmakers. It has also a small photograph of the customer and signature. The employee must then check last bet placed, on credit, in the credit accounts book. If the customer has adequate credit left on his/her account the entry is logged and the amount they owe is then updated. They then receive their normal betting slip along side credits receipt. If the customer wishes to repay credit they simply produce their Credit Account Card with payment and the amount owed will be again updated. All credit given by the bookmakers must be repaid within 30 days of the bet being placed. Failure to do so will result in the customers credit being stopped and normally placed bets will also be stopped until credit has been repaid. Once all of the customers outstanding credit has been fully repaid the customers credit rating will be restored. Source Document 1: Invoice Objectives of the New System The owner, Mr Chin, would like the new system to perform the following functions: * Allow data from the customer (Credit Account Number, bet placed and value) to be recorded quickly and accurately. * Calculate amount owed by the customer automatically. * Check credit status of the customer before the bet is placed. * Produce monthly charts and summaries over the past year. * New users must easily grasp the system. Data Flow Diagram (Level 1) Current System Performance Indicators The following performance indicators are to be used: 1. The new system should enter new credit accounts quickly and efficiently. 2. It should take no longer than 60 seconds to enter each bet on credit. 3. Customers account status should be validated automatically. 4. Customers account balance should be updated automatically, accordingly. 5. Credit receipts should be printed out automatically after each bet has been confirmed. 6. It must be impossible to accidentally erase formula, headings, etc. 7. The system must easy to grasp for new employees. Hardware and Software Chin Bookmakers has a Pentium 333MHz PC with 32Mb of RAM and 3 GB hard disk. It currently has Windows 98 and Office 97 installed on this machine. A laser printer is used for receipts and hard copies. Development of the new system will be carried out mainly at a college network and partly on a standalone home PC similar to the one above. All files will need to fit on a 31/2 floppy disk for easy transportation between college and home. (They may need to be compressed). The college network stations are 600MHz Pentium PCs with 124Mb of RAM attached to a laser printer. There are user areas on hard disk, so students have the option of saving here or on to floppy disk. Users Skill Level Users of the system will include Mr Chin, the owner, and his three employees who receive the bets. Mr Chin is computer literate but may need to be shown how to use the new system. The employees of Chin Bookmakers already use excel to process the current cash in hand bets and should have no problem adjusting to the new system. Design Choice of Software This system will be implemented using Excel 97. This package is ideal as it includes many features which can be used in customising the application, such as: * Sophisticated report facilities with the ability to format text, set margins and page layout, import a company logo if desired and preview before printing. * Ability to protect worksheets and workbooks so that the user cannot accidentally destroy formulae or headings. * Formatting to help make it clear to the user where to enter data. * Macros to perform various automated functions. * Customised menus and toolbars. * Auditing tools to ensure that there are no errors in the workbook. Worksheet Design System Overview The system will be based around one workbook containing a database of customers with credit, one worksheet for adding new customers and a worksheet each for taking out and paying back credit into their accounts. The system will also automatically tell the user if the customer in question has adequate credit in his/her account, if not the user will be prompted with an error message. A level 2 data flow diagram of the system is shown below Detailed Design The Credit Book workbook. This will be the only workbook and will contain; * Menu * Customer Database * place bet and paying in sheets. Sheet1 Menu This sheet will act as the front end and will be selected automatically using an Autoexec macro when the workbook is loaded. It will have 5 options as follows. CHIN BOOKMAKERS Ltd Sheet2 Customer Database This is where all the customers will be kept on the system. It will include details about the customers and will laid out as follows. Information here will automatically be updated by other sheets in the work book. All cells will be protected to ensure information is not tampered with or so that cells and formulae are not accidentally erased.The sheet will be protected by a password known only to authorised employees. Sheet3 Place Bet This sheet is required to debit a customers account. The customers account no. is placed in the space provided and their details are automatically displayed. All cells are locked apart from the account no. section and bet amount section which are the only cells from which data is inputted. There is one command button: 1. Clear Form This will clear the form ready for the next ( Macro Clear Form) Sheet4 Credit Account This sheet will be used to pay cash into a customers account after they have ran out of credit or wish to top up their account. Again the customers account no. is entered and details are brought up from the customer table. All cells are locked apart from account no. and amount paying in. There are two command buttons: 1. Clear Form This will clear the form ready for the next ( Macro Clear Form) Macros The following macros will be used: Add New Customer Select Credit Book worksheet Unprotect Credit Book sheet Find END OF TABLE Insert a new line above END OF TABLE Select first cell above END OF TABLE Display customer name box Display customer d.o.b. box Display customer address box Display customer telephone box Display customer credit limit box Copy formula from cell H9 Find END OF TABLE Move 1 row up, six cells across and paste formula Copy formula from cell I9 Find END OF TABLE Move 1 row up, seven cells across and paste formula Find END OF TABLE Move up 1 row, add 1 to value already in cell Protect Credit Book sheet Unprotect sheet Unprotect active worksheet Protect sheet Protect active worksheet Clear Form Select cell G10 and clear contents Select cell G22 and clear contents Select cell G10Go to main menu Go To Place credit bet Select place credit bet worksheet Go to Paying in Select Paying In Worksheet Go to Credit book Go to Credit book worksheet Security All worksheets will be protected to prevent accidental alterations. However only the Credit Book will have a password attached as data should never be directly changed into the Credit Book. Other sheets will be easily unprotected. Test Strategy The Test Strategy will include: Unit testing to test each macro under different circumstances Systematically testing all menu buttons and functions Testing the effects of entering invalid and extreme data Mock entry of customer being added and placing bet End-User testing to establish whether system meets End-Users requirements Test Plan The following tests will be performed 1. Open program and test that main menu pops up first 2. Add a new customer into the Credit Book and ensure that formulas are correctly copied and that account numbers are automatically generated 3. Test go back to main menu button from credit book 4. Test placing a bet with the new customer and check bet has been added to the total amount owing 5. Test customer making payment and make sure amount owing has been subtracted correctly 6. Test exit button Test Data and Expected Outcomes Test 1 No test data Expect main menu to appear. Test 2 Michael Charlton, 08-2-84, 25 Pickard Close, Peterlee, SR8 5LZ, 0191 5862456, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½200.00 Expect above data to be recorded into appropriate columns. Test 3 No test data Expect main menu to appear. Test 4 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50.00 Expect customers amount owing to change to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50.00 and customers credit left to change to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½150.00. Test 5 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25.00 Expect customers amount owing to change to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25.00 and customers credit left to change to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½175.00. Test 6 No test data Expect program to exit. Schedule of Activities Week Task Home/College Comment Find out users current system and establish requirements by interview, establish user skills, software and hardware. Home Analyses write up. College Design workbooks and data flow diagram. College Create menu and worksheet (for entering invoices not macros) prototype and show user. Home Continue writing up design section, including front-end menu, test plan, validation of data and macros. Home and College Implement the system. Home Test system; attempt installing on users PC. Home Get user to try out system to get feedback make, final modifications. College Write up technical manuals for user. Home Write Evaluation, finish all documentation, but a folder and hand in. College Implementation and Testing Commentary on Implementation Choice of project Mr Chin (the owner of Chin BookMakers) Suggested that they need a new system to keep track of credit bets and record customers details accurately. Since Mr Chin owned a computer in store I offered to devise a new system for him. I explained that it was for my AS Level project and he agreed to let me construct the new system. The project seemed adequate and should be completed within the allotted time. Initial Design Decisions My first decision was to create a large customer database to hold 100 customers. I asked Mr Chin about this and he said he wasnt sure how many customers he was planning to give credit to. I then decided to use an end of table line to add new rows as they were needed. I also decided to create an add new customer worksheet but thought it more convenient to scrap this and create a macro with the command button situated in the credit book work sheet. Final Design My final design is as shown in the design section, The adding of new customers is very simple with pop up boxes asking for all the information needed. It is a step by step process and any new user should be able to use it. Commentary on Testing Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 Test 6 Program successfully exited. Evaluation Looking back at the objectives and performance indicators the following have been achieved: 1. Trials showed that it took the user about 30 seconds to enter each new customer well within the 60 seconds allocated. 2. User Manual Introduction Installation Backups Adding a customer Placing a bet Paying in Exiting the Application Technical Manual Installing the System Macros 4 20 Michael Charlton

Skepticism in Mama Day Essay

Skepticism in Mama Day Essay Skepticism in Mama Day Essay Andrew Ellison ENGL 2400 Weaver February 19, 2015 Skepticism in Mama Day In Mama Day by Gloria Naylor, George has trouble believing in Willow Springs’ magical powers and all that happens on the island. George is very doubtful of believing in superstitions. He thinks that you need to first understand the belief of having a future, in order to have forces that are able to transform it. You begin to understand how George feels about superstitions when he finally goes with Cocoa on her yearly trip to Willow Springs, which is filled with different mythical souls. George gets to experience first hand what the mysterious island is really like and all that it encompasses. In Mama Day, George is unable to see the supernatural occurrences that happen on the island of Willow Springs, resulting in severe frustration and arrogance that lasts throughout the novel. One instance where George shows his ignorance towards superstition is when he exclaims, â€Å"I may have knocked my head against the walls, figuring out how to buy food, supplies, and books, but I never knocked on wood. No rabbit's foot, no crucifixes- not even a lottery ticket† (Naylor 27). This is a very good example of how George feels towards things that are either based on luck, or just superstition. He is basically saying that he doesn’t need any kind of luck to get through life. He can focus on what he wants to do in life and get through it on his own while working very hard to do so. In a way it is understandable for him to not understand what is going on. George is an engineer who is used to working with numbers and getting outcomes that can be explained and understood. He can’t explain what’s going on on the island with science or math so it is difficult for him to get the full meaning of the mysterious things that are happening on the island. Ge orge is just not used to the things that he has experienced from the trip to Willow Springs, from New York. The combination of the trip along with the magical island, if you will, is too much for him to handle, so he got stressed out and couldn’t figure out what was going on. A second example of how George can’t handle the idea of superstitious activity and also a change in location is that he did not know what to expect and he could not plan ahead what he was going to wear on the island, because of the fact that there was not an actual location. â€Å"It’s hard to know what to expect from a place when you can’t find it on the map. Preparing for Willow Springs upset my normal agenda: a few minutes with an atlas always helped me to decide what clothes to pack, whether a raincoat would be in order or not, a light pullover for the evenings† (Naylor 174). In this quote, George is confused as to why there is not an actual location name for the island of Willow Springs. He does not understand how it is not a part of Georgia or South Carolina, and how it can be a location all by itself. Cocoa tries to explain to him that it does not belong to either place, but he does not understand. George is used to being able to calculate what he w as doing based just off of the facts and information that are given to him. But, in this situation George does not have any facts to be able to break down what he is about to do so he is panicked and very anxious about what lies ahead. After he arrives at Willow Springs, he begins to loosen up on the fact that just because the island is mysterious, does not mean that it will be unbearable to stay there, and that it is actually somewhat of a paradise. Another example of how George is unable to handle all that the island holds is when Miranda and Abigail are talking about how George would not be able to survive. They say worrisomely, â€Å"George ain’t never gonna believe this, Miranda. Go to him with some mess like this, and he’d be sure we were senile. 'That’s right. So we gotta wait for him to feel the need to come to us. I’ll have to stay out at the other place. And when he’s ready, head him in my direction. 'That

Interview Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Interview - Article Example In the budget, the expected needs of each department in the institution are outlined and matched with the existing resources. In addition, budgeting makes the decision-making process expeditious as all capital structure decisions are always made during budgeting. It is paramount to note that the budget instrument is the only recognized tool for communicating financial requirements to the funders of public institutions. Apart from internal organizations that influence the budgeting process, there exist external forces that determine the allotment in each department. In this case, these forces usually influence the budgeting process by making recommendations and distributing circulars that dictate on various items in the budget statement. It should be noted that public institutions are mainly funded from the public coffer and hence the entire budgeting process is often subjected too much oversight and supervision. Apart from the oversight practices, the board of directors managing a given institution seeks to their interests in the budget. Their main interest is to influence and to have control over the fee pooled from the learner. In this case, the independence of the budgeting officers is not guaranteed. When filling vacant positions in the budgeting offices, all interested parties in a given institution often feel comfortable when their choices are picked. In this case, there exist situations where some candidates with good credentials miss these vacancies. For the obvious reason, every interested party seeks to have people they are comfortable with on budgeting table. History always exonerates diligent officials who occupy budgeting offices at any given time. In most case, the end products justify the process used. In this case, when an institution is hard hit by bad economic time, the budgeting office carries all the blame. Going with the history, many budgets fail to

Fiat Business Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fiat Business Case - Essay Example Additionally, it was also felt that the company was very late in addressing the quality issues related to its products. This delay in improving the quality of its products dissuaded customers from buying Fiat’s cars. This was also a major reason because of which Fiat was not able succeed in the American car market despite its affordability and this also lead the company to withdraw itself from the American car market. Towards the end of 1990s, the company also experienced a financial crunch due to its diversification measures. The acquisitions made by Fiat Auto during the period contributed to its problem since the performance of some of the acquired businesses was rather disappointing and additionally they also resulted in added costs for the company. Another factor responsible for this situation of the company was that the company bought a few firms when it was at the top of its business cycles and consequently had to shell out a lot of money to acquire them. The debts of Fiat were largely the result of such acquisitions made by the Italian automobile giant. Factors that are related to planning and control play a vital role in the decline of the Italian automotive giant. The role played by the R&D department is to be seriously taken into account while discussing about the crisis or performance decline of Fiat. The reason behind this can be described as the â€Å"supremacy† of the Engineers at the R&D wing. The most serious problem recognized is the â€Å"supremacy† of Engineering over customers’ needs. The requests of Marketing are often rejected because considered as wrong from an engineering perspective. This is an issue of huge concern because Marketing is the one that gives information about customers’ needs, expectations, and market trends. Whenever a company’s value chain is observed, equal

Why Do Students with Disabilities Drop Out of High School Essay

Why Do Students with Disabilities Drop Out of High School - Essay Example The study is focused in finding out the reasons why the special education students drop out, hence putting emphasis on the students’ experiences. The method to use in this type of study is the phenomenological approach which asserts that the meaning of phenomena can be understood through the experiences of those who are involved (Wiggan, 2008, p. 322). Research Questions Given this objective, the key question that will be answered in this proposed study is â€Å"Why do students with disabilities drop out of high school?† This chapter discusses how this question will be answered. Because it is a â€Å"why† question, the qualitative methodology was selected as it is more appropriate when contending with such abstract human behaviors, such as the act of dropping out of school. This proposed study requires a flexible research design because it addresses a human phenomenon that should also make space for behavioral factors. Hence, the qualitative method’s objec tives of describing and explaining variations, relationships, individual experiences and group norms make it the most suitable for this study. For instance, when observing and interviewing participants, the set of interview questions determined beforehand should allow enough room for follow-up questions. This is by using a nonstructured format (Morocco, et al, 2006). Likewise, analyzing the data to be gathered will involve flexibility as categories that are not expected will arise and factors that seem inconsequential may became significant. The study may need to be adjusted in the coding and analysis of the data as these previously insignificant factors and categories may become more important in order to be able to present more accurate and comprehensive results. Design Qualitative research can â€Å"see precisely which events led to which consequences and derive fruitful explanations† (Miles and Huberman, 1994, p. 1). Moreover, it has a higher chance of being able to arriv e at unanticipated findings and new combinations and reationships (Miles and Huberman, 1994). These reasons are why the qualitative research design has been selected for this study as it can provide a clear view of why students with disabilities drop out of high school. It must be clarified that although quantitative data, such as statistics and percentages, will be used in the study, it only serves as supportive numbers that will lay the groundwork for this study. Furthermore, it is intended for this qualitative research to act as a precursive study for more accurate and extensive quantitative study on the same topic. Active Observation The study will employ a qualitative research design that will be based on active observation with â€Å"a nonstructured format to allow for maximum flexibility† (Morocco, et al, 2006, p. 140). The qualitative research design has been criticized by many for its supposed inexactness due to its â€Å"interpretative, subjective, impressionistic and diagnostic† nature as it has been claimed that there are no unbiased observers (Thomson, 2007). However, when contending with abstract data, like â€Å"the often contradictory behaviors, beliefs, opinions, emotions, and relationships of individuals† and in this case, the reasons why certain people act a particular way, active observation is best employed as its strength lies in its capability to be able to provide a textual characterization of complex events such as human experience (Mack, et al., 2005). Intensive Interview Data will be collected through intensive interviews of special education high school student dropouts through personal (face-to-face) meetings and via electronic mail (e-mail). An iterative questionnaire would follow the interview in order to elicit the

Long Term Care - Aging Baby Boom Generation Essay Example for Free

Long Term Care Aging Baby Boom Generation Essay The baby boom generation will pose a gross demand for long-term care services and the challenges that state and federal governments face in budgeting to offset those services. Federal entitlement spending will sharply increase due to lack of preparation (saving money) for â€Å"old age† by baby boomers. The some 76 million baby boomers born between 1946 and 1964 are anticipated to double the burden on Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security by 2035. (United States Government Accounting Office, 2001) Social Security and Medicare reform must continue to keep the programs viable and capable of meeting those commitments. Medicaid, the main agency that finances long term care, will need realistic focus. Currently, the services of Medicaid are unable to meet the demands of need for individuals with disabilities, leaving the individual’s family to face the burden of long term care cost. (United States Government Accounting Office, 2001) â€Å"As the baby boom generation retires and the Medicare-eligible population swells, the imbalance between outlays and revenues will increase dramatically. Medicare growth rates reflect not only a rapidly increasing beneficiary population,  but also the escalation of health care costs at rates well exceeding general rates of inflation. While advances in science and technology have greatly expanded the capabilities of medical science, disproportionate increases in the use of health services have been fueled by the lack of effective means to channel patients into consuming, and providers into offering, only appropriate services. Although Medicare cost growth had slowed in recent years, in fiscal year 2001 Medicare spending grew by 10.3 Percent and is up 7.8 percent for the first 5 months of fiscal year 2002. (United States Government Accounting Office, 2001)† Reference United States Government Accounting Offices (2001) Long Term Care Aging Baby Boomers Retrieved from http://www.gov/assets/110/109196.html

The Causes of Gallbladder Attacks Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Causes of Gallbladder Attacks Outline I. Introduction: It is estimated that approxiamately 10 to 20 percent of the population in the United States and Western Europe are currently being affected by Gallbladder attacks. Thesis statement: These attacks are mainly caused by the development of gallstones in the gallbladder. II. Definition. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gallbladder B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gallstones III. Causes. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obesity B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Estrogen C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ethnicity D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Age and gender IV. Symptoms. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chronic indigestion B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sudden, steady and moderate-to- intense pain in your upper abdomen C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nausea and vomiting V. Diagnosis. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ultrasound B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cholecystogram Conclusion It might sound interesting to explore the reason why so many people are currently being affected by these attacks. According to statistics, 1 out of 8 men and 1 out of 4 women will have gallstones or gallbladder problems before they reach the age of 60. What then is the Gallbladder? The gallbladder according to Dorland’s Medical Dictionary is ‘the pear shaped reservoir for the bile on the posteroinferior surface of the liver, between the right and the left quadrate lobe, from its neck the cystic duct projects to join the common bile duct’. The function of the gallbladder in the human body is to solve and concentrate bile, which is produced by the liver and is necessary for proper digestion of fats. What are Gallstones? Gallstones form when the liquid stored in the gallbladder hardens into pieces of stone-like material. The liquid, called bile is used to help the body digest fats. Bile is made in the liver, and then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs to digest fat. At that time, the gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a tube—called the common bile duct—that carries it to the small intestine, where it help with digestion. Bile contains water, cholesterol, fats, bile salts, proteins, and bilirubin. Bile salts breaks up fats, and bilirubin gives bile and stool a yellowish color. If the liquid bile contains too much cholesterol, bile salts, or bilirubin, under certain conditions it can harden into stones. They may occur as a simple, large stone or many small ones. Gallstones are mixtures of compound, but are mostly cholesterol. According to studies many people have gallstones and never know it. Matter of fact, gallstones often cause no symptoms ... ...h a type of surgery called Cholecystectomy. The Non-Surgical approaches are used only in specific situations such as when a patient’s condition prevents using an anesthetic. In such cases, Oral dissolution therapy is used. In conclusion, 1 out of 10 people are at risk for gallbladder attacks. Gallstones are the main reason for these attacks. If you’re older, a female or overweight and have a sedentary lifestyle, a diet high in fat and sugar, you pose to be a potential candidate for these painful attacks. Bibliography Dorland’s Medical Dictionary http://www.lap-associates.com/SurgicalServices/biliary.html http://www.marysherbs.com/heal-gal.html Mayo Clinic Health Information. â€Å"What are Gallstones?† 11 Nov 2000< http://aolsvc.illness.aol.com/DS000165/main.html> http://www.med.upenn.edu/~surgery/clin/gallblad.html http://wwwmedocs.ucdavis.edu/IMD/420B/esylabus/biliary.html http://www.moreton.com.au/ana/handbook/gall.html National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. â€Å"Gallstones.†< http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/digest/pubs/galstn/gallstns.html> http://www.wellweb.com/nutri/dieting_and_gallstones.html http:// www.yourhealth.com/ahl/1608.html

Three Major Perspectives in Sociology Essay

Three Major Perspectives in Sociology Sociologists analyze social phenomena at different levels and from different perspectives. From concrete interpretations to sweeping generalizations of society and social behavior, sociologists study everything from specific events (the microlevel of analysis of small social patterns) to the â€Å"big picture† (the macro level of analysis of large social patterns). The pioneering European sociologists, however, also offered a broad conceptualization of the fundamentals of society and its workings. Their views form the basis for today’s theoretical perspectives, or paradigms, which provide sociologists with an orienting framework—a philosophical position—for asking certain kinds of questions about society and its people. Sociologists today employ three primary theoretical perspectives: the symbolic interactionist perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. These perspectives offer sociologists theoretical paradigms for explaining how society influences people, and vice versa. Each perspective uniquely conceptualizes society, social forces, and human behavior (see Table 1). Read more: Functionalist Conflict and Interactionist Perspectives The symbolic interactionist perspective The symbolic interactionist perspective, also known as symbolic interactionism, directs sociologists to consider the symbols and details of everyday life, what these symbols mean, and how people interact with each other. Although symbolic interactionism traces its origins to Max Weber’s assertion that individuals act according to their interpretation of the meaning of their world, the American philosopher George H. Mead (1863–1931) introduced this perspective to American sociology in the 1920s. According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, people attach meanings to symbols, and then they act according to their subjective interpretation of these symbols. Verbal conversations, in which spoken words serve as the predominant symbols, make this subjective interpretation especially evident. The words have a certain meaning for the â€Å"sender,† and, during effective communication, they hopefully have the same meaning for the â€Å"receiver.† In other terms, words are not static â€Å"things†; they require intention and interpretation. Conversation is an interaction of symbols between individuals who constantly interpret the world around them. Of course, anything can serve as a symbol as long as it refers to something beyond itself. Written music serves as an example. The black dots and lines become more than mere marks on the page; they refer to notes organized in such a way as to make musical sense. Thus, symbolic interactionists give serious thought to how people act, and then seek to determine what meanings individuals assign to their own actions and symbols, as well as to those of others. Consider applying symbolic interactionism to the American institution of marriage. Symbols may include wedding bands, vows of life†long commitment, a white bridal dress, a wedding cake, a Church ceremony, and flowers and music. American society attaches general meanings to these symbols, but individuals also maintain their own perceptions of what these and other symbols mean. For example, one of the spouses may see their circular wedding rings as symbolizing â€Å"never ending love,† while the other may see them as a mere financial expense. Much faulty communication can result from differences in the perception of the same events and symbols. Critics claim that symbolic interactionism neglects the macro level of social interpretation—the â€Å"big picture.† In other words, symbolic interactionists may miss the larger issues of society by focusing too closely on the â€Å"trees† (for example, the size of the diamond in the wedding ring) rather than the â€Å"forest† (for example, the quality of the marriage). The perspective also receives criticism for slighting the influence of social forces and institutions on individual interactions. The functionalist perspective According to the functionalist perspective, also called functionalism, each aspect of society is interdependent and contributes to society’s functioning as a whole. The government, or state, provides education for the children of the family, which in turn pays taxes on which the state depends to keep itself running. That is, the family is dependent upon the school to help children grow up to have good jobs so that they can raise and support their own families. In the process, the children become law†abiding, taxpaying citizens, who in turn support the state. If all goes well, the parts of society produce order, stability, and productivity. If all does not go well, the parts of society then must adapt to recapture a new order, stability, and productivity. For example, during a financial recession with its high rates of unemployment and inflation, social programs are trimmed or cut. Schools offer fewer programs. Families tighten their budgets. And a new social order, stability, and productivity occur. Functionalists believe that society is held together by social consensus, or cohesion, in which members of the society agree upon, and work together to achieve, what is best for society as a whole. Emile Durkheim suggested that social consensus takes one of two forms: Mechanical solidarity is a form of social cohesion that arises when people in a society maintain similar values and beliefs and engage in similar types of work. Mechanical solidarity most commonly occurs in traditional, simple societies such as those in which everyone herds cattle or farms. Amish society exemplifies mechanical solidarity. In contrast, organic solidarity is a form of social cohesion that arises when the people in a society are interdependent, but hold to varying values and beliefs and engage in varying types of work. Organic solidarity most commonly occurs in industrialized, complex societies such those in large American cities like New York in the 2000s. The functionalist perspective achieved its greatest popularity among American sociologists in the 1940s and 1950s. While European functionalists originally focused on explaining the inner workings of social order, American functionalists focused on discovering the functions of human behavior. Among these American functionalist sociologists is Robert Merton (b. 1910), who divides human functions into two types: manifest functions are intentional and obvious, while latent functions are unintentional and not obvious. The manifest function of attending a church or synagogue, for instance, is to worship as part of a religious community, but its latent function may be to help members learn to discern personal from institutional values. With common sense, manifest functions become easily apparent. Yet this is not necessarily the case for latent functions, which often demand a sociological approach to be revealed. A sociological approach in functionalism is the consideration of the relationship between the functions of smaller parts and the functions of the whole. Functionalism has received criticism for neglecting the negative functions of an event such as divorce. Critics also claim that the perspective justifies the status quo and complacency on the part of society’s members. Functionalism does not encourage people to take an active role in changing their social environment, even when such change may benefit them. Instead, functionalism sees active social change as undesirable because the various parts of society will compensate naturally for any problems that may arise. The conflict perspective The conflict perspective, which originated primarily out of Karl Marx’s writings on class struggles, presents society in a different light than do the functionalist and symbolic interactionist perspectives. While these latter perspectives focus on the positive aspects of society that contribute to its stability, the conflict perspectivefocuses on the negative, conflicted, and ever†changing nature of society. Unlike functionalists who defend the status quo, avoid social change, and believe people cooperate to effect social order, conflict theorists challenge the status quo, encourage social change (even when this means social revolution), and believe rich and powerful people force social order on the poor and the weak. Conflict theorists, for example, may interpret an â€Å"elite† board of regents raising tuition to pay for esoteric new programs that raise the prestige of a local college as self†serving rather than as beneficial for students. Whereas American sociologists in the 1940s and 1950s generally ignored the conflict perspective in favor of the functionalist, the tumultuous 1960s saw American sociologists gain considerable interest in conflict theory. They also expanded Marx’s idea that the key conflict in society was strictly economic. Today, conflict theorists find social conflict between any groups in which the potential for inequality exists: racial, gender, religious, political, economic, and so on. Conflict theorists note that unequal groups usually have conflicting values and agendas, causing them to compete against one another. This constant competition between groups forms the basis for the ever†changing nature of society. Critics of the conflict perspective point to its overly negative view of society. The theory ultimately attributes humanitarian efforts, altruism, democracy, civil rights, and other positive aspects of society to capitalistic designs to control the masses, not to inherent interests in preserving society and social order. Feminist theory is one of the major contemporary sociological theories, which analyzes the status of women and men in society with the purpose of using that knowledge to better women’s lives. Feminist theorists have also started to question the differences between women, including how race, class, ethnicity, and age intersect with gender. Feminist theory is most concerned with giving a voice to women and highlighting the various ways women have contributed to society. There are four main types of feminist theory that attempt to explain the societal differences between men and women: Gender Differences: The gender difference perspective examines how women’s location in, and experience of, social situations differ from men’s. For example, cultural feminists look to the different values associated with womanhood and femininity as a reason why men and women experience the social world differently. Other feminist theorists believe that the different roles assigned to women and men within institutions better explain gender difference, including the sexual division of labor in the household. Existential and phenomenological feminists focus on how women have been marginalized and defined as the â€Å"other† in patriarchal societies. Women are thus seen as objects and are denied the opportunity for self-realization. Gender Inequality: Gender-inequality theories recognize that women’s location in, and experience of, social situations are not only different but also unequal to men’s. Liberal feminists argue that women have the same capacity as men for moral reasoning and agency, but that patriarchy, particularly the sexist patterning of the division of labor, has historically denied women the opportunity to express and practice this reasoning. Women have been isolated to the private sphere of the household and, thus, left without a voice in the public sphere. Even after women enter the public sphere, they are still expected to manage the private sphere and take care of household duties and child rearing. Liberal feminists point out that marriage is a site of gender inequality and that women do not benefit from being married as men do. Indeed, married women have higher levels of stress than unmarried women and married men. According to liberal feminists, the sexual division of labor in both the public and private spheres needs to be altered in order for women to achieve equality. Gender Oppression: Theories of gender oppression go further than theories of gender difference and gender inequality by arguing that not only are women different from or unequal to men, but that they are actively oppressed, subordinated, and even abused by men. Power is the key variable in the two main theories of gender oppression: psychoanalytic feminism and radical feminism. Psychoanalytic feminists attempt to explain power relations between men and women by reformulating Freud’s theories of the subconscious and unconscious, human emotions, and childhood development. They feel that conscious calculation cannot fully explain the production and reproduction of patriarchy. Radical feminists argue that being a woman is a positive thing in and of itself, but that this is not acknowledged in patriarchal societies where women are oppressed. They identify physical violence as being at the base of patriarchy, but they think that patriarchy can be defeated if women recognize their own value and strength, establish a sisterhood of trust with other women, confront oppression critically, and form female separatist networks in the private and public spheres. Structural Oppression: Structural oppression theories posit that women’s oppression and inequality are a result of capitalism, patriarchy, and racism. Socialist feminists agree with Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels that the working class is exploited as a consequence of the capitalist mode of production, but they seek to extend this exploitation not just to class but also to gender. Intersectionality theorists seek to explain oppression and inequality across a variety of variables, including class, gender, race, ethnicity, and age. They make the important insight that not all women experience oppression in the same way. White women and black women, for example, face different forms of discrimination in the workplace. Thus, different groups of women come to view the world through a shared standpoint of â€Å"heterogeneous commonality.† Comparing the Four Sociological Theories Introduction to Sociology: 4 Basic Theories Conflict Functionalism Symbolic Interactionism Social Exchange Macro Macro Micro Micro -Inequality lies at the core of society which leads to conflict -Resources are limited -Power is not evenly distributed -Competition is inevitable (winners & losers) -Negotiations based on influence, threats, promises, and consensus -Threats and coercion -Any resource can be used as tool of power or exploitation -War is natural -Haves and have nots -Privileges are protected by haves -Order is challenged by have nots -Examples of: Gender & Feminist -Uses biological model (society is like a living organism) -Society has interrelated parts -What are functions or dysfunctions of parts -Society finds balance and is stable -Equilibrium -Society adjusts to maintain balance -How are parts integrated -Manifest functions -Latent functions and dysfunctions -Example of: Systems Theory -Society is an ongoing process of many social interactions -Interactions based on symbolic context in which they occur -Subjective perceptions are critical to how symbols are interpreted -Communications -Meanings -Significant others -Roles -Relative deprivation -Self -Reality shaping in self and with others -Key Ideas: Social construction of reality Thomas Theorem Definition of situation -Example of: theories of self -Society is an ongoing series of exchanges which occur during interactions -Interactions based on formula: (Rewards- Costs)=Outcomes Rewards -Costs -Profit/Loss -Comparisons -Limited resources -Power -Legitimacy -Equity -Negotiations -Tradeoffs -Example of: Levinger=s model on divorce: (Attractions +/- Barriers)=/-(Alternative Attractions)

The Man Who Loved Flowers Essay

Why do people experience like killing another human being? And what are they stating themselves to do it okay? In our universe today there are a batch of slayings. Many of the slayers are convicted for their offenses so there are besides some of them who manage to steal off from the constabulary and the probe but so come the hardest sentence of them all. You will hold to populate whit the guilt of what you have done for the remainder of your life because you can non state anybody. The chief character in the narrative â€Å"The Man Who Loves Flowers† by Stephen King from 1977. Acts of the Apostless like it is no large trade possibly his greatest sorrow is that he will ne'er see his one true love. Norma. once more. The chief character is a immature adult male. who appears to be in love. He wears a Grey suit and a tie that is pulled down a small. His eyes are light blue and his hair is brown and cut short. He is apparent looking. but because he is in love. people on the street think he is beautiful. We are told he is on his manner to run into his miss Norma. and it all sounds really romantic. In the get downing the narrative is sweet. it is truly romantic. Particularly in the line â€Å"The air was soft and beautiful. the sky was darkening by slow grades from bluish to the composure and lovely violet of dusk† ( p. 175. ll. 2-4 ) In this sentence there is a complete love narrative. and you expect something lovely to go on subsequently in the narrative. There are told about all those small stores. and all those happy people. the ground there are giving. is that it is spring clip and everyone is in love. But the narrative does non go on that manner in the line â€Å"It was acquiring darker now †¦ could he hold been mistaken? † ( p. 179. ll. 41-42 ) the narrative is wholly barren of painting words. and beautiful scenes. He has gone into a narrow lane with refuse tins to run into whit his girlfriend whom he brings flowers. One starts to fell the creeps. and you know the narrative can non stop good. Possibly the chief character is schizophrenic in the line â€Å"His name was love. and he walked these dark streets because Norma was waiting for him. And he would happen him. Some twenty-four hours soon† ( p. 180. ll. 24-25 ) this line is from merely after he killed the immature miss that looked like Norma but he does non care that he had merely taken another life. He is merely looking frontward to when he is traveling to run into his dead girlfriend. whom he still thinks he loves. He knows it is incorrect because when he kills her he makes certain that she does non shout. and he does it in a dark back street so no 1 knows or sees it. It truly is like the chief character has to personalities. one that is bright and in love with his dream miss Norma. the miss he hopes to run into shortly. it is the 1 he shows to the remainder of the universe and it makes everybody believe he is beautiful. The other is dark. the personality of a liquidator who kills merely because the miss he frightens screams. like Norma did when she was killed. in the same back street. The rubric of the narrative is The Man Who Loved Flowers. which when you read it makes certain that one puts peculiar attending to the florist and you think about the flower bouquet the whole clip. and particularly in the line â€Å"†¦the spill of flowers fell out of his manus. the spill spilled and broke unfastened. sloping ruddy. white. and xanthous tea roses beside the bent rubbish cans†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( p. 180. ll. 8-10 ) . where you take notice to the tea roses that seems so out of topographic point. in the dark back street with a consecutive slayer. It is opposite to the beginning where the roses seem so absolutely in topographic point with a happy adult male there is on his manner to run into his girlfriend. The flowers in this narrative highlights the passage from beautiful spring eventide where you could believe a adult male in love would by his girlfriend flowers. to a dark back street with refuse tins where 1 could ne'er conceive of a pretty corsage. Possibly the chief character. who calls himself love. putting to deaths merely to experience some exhilaration in his life once more and he tells himself that it is O.K. because he is merely looking for Norma. whom he will happen someday. finally.

Porsche Essays - Sports Cars, Porsche 911 GT3, Porsche 911

Porsche Essays - Sports Cars, Porsche 911 GT3, Porsche 911 Porsche I have narrowed down my project to just Porsche vehicles. I am not going to talk about the man behind the car to much. I have found several web sites that have criteria about Porsche and their different models and their performance. I will discuss these subjects along with others. The history of Porsche will be discussed. I will also talk about some different models such as the 911 GT3. I will also discuss the GT1 and GT3 race seriesI will also discuss Porches latest press releases. History The early years (the 40's & 50's) 1948: The very first Porsche. The very first Porsche 356/1 developed by Ferry Porsche and his proven team is completed in the Austrian town of Gm?nd and receives technical homologation on June 8,1949: Presentation of the Cisitalia racing car.The Cisitalia racing car is presented at the Torino Motor Show, featuring a 12-cylinder dual-compressor boxer engine in mid ship arrangement, 1493 cc, 385 bhp at 10600 rpm, top speed 300 km/h (186 mph), four-wheel drive with individual drive activation of the front wheels. 1950: Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen Porsche returns to Zuffenhausen, near Stuttgart. Thus begins a new chapter in Porsche's history. In rooms rented from the Reutter car body factory, production facilities are set up. Porsche becomes an independent automobile factory. 1951: Porsche's first international success in Le Mans Professor Ferdinand Porsche Sr. dies, aged 75. The Porsche 356 scores its first international success in motor racing, winning the 1100-cc category in the 24 Hours of Le Mans. 1953: Porsche 550 Spyder Presentation of the Fuhrmann engine for the Porsche 550 Spyder: 1.5 liter four-cylinder, four camshafts, 110 bhp 1956: the 10,000th Porsche 356 Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 1.5 liter 550 Spyder, driven here by Richard von Frankenberg, becomes the "shark in the pool of perch" in major races, where it competed against cars with more horsepower. 1958: Commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Company, the 10,000th Porsche 356 leaves the production hall. Porsche has already scored 400 victories in motor racing. The 60's and 70's 1961: Work starts on a new six cylinder engine Behind closed doors, work starts on a new Porsche with a six cylinder engine. The body is designed by Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, Ferry Porsche's son. 1963: Porsche 911.At the Frankfurt International Automobile Show, Porsche presents the 911. The underlying concept of an air-cooled flat engine in the rear is retained.1964: Production start of the Porsche 911.1969: Porsche 914-4 and 914-6. Presentation of the 914-4 and 914-6 mid-engine sports cars at the Frankfurt Motor Show.Porsche for the second time wins the World Championships for works cars. For the second consecutive year, the 911 wins the Monte Carlo Rallye. 1970:The Porsche 917 (4.5-litre 12-cylinder boxer engine) shown to the public for the first time in Geneva wins virtually all races the world over, including the World Championship of Makes and the Endurance World Championship. Work starts at the Weissach Research and Development Centre. 1972: Porsche goes public. Under the guidance of Ferry Porsche as Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Porsche goes public. 1974: The first 911 Turbo With the 911 Turbo a new era begins: exhaust: exhaust turbo charged autos. 1975: The first Transaxle sports car. Porsche introduces the 924, the first Transaxle sports car with the engine at the front, the transmission and drive wheels at the rear. Production of the "big Porsche", the 928, starts in Stuttgart: V8 light-alloy engine, Transaxle configuration, Weissach axle. To this day the only sports car in the world ever to win the title of Sports Car of the Year. The 80's & 90's 1982: The Porsche 956, the most successful racing/sports car of all times, begins its victorious career. 1985: Launch of the Porsche 959, a spearhead in new technology. A limited number are built. In 1986, it is the first sports car to win the Paris-Dakar Rally. 1988: Launch of the new 911 Carrera 4.1989: Introduction of Tiptronic four-speed automatic transmission operated either manually (as a function of load) or serving as a fully automatic transmission. Featured for the first time in the new 911 Carrera 2. 1993: Presentation of the first Boxster concept car at the Detroit Auto Show. Launch of